武器装备环境试验现状和思考

胡杰; 曹鹏; 马营; 成玉龙; 曲禹同

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2024.06.003

PDF(491 KB)

装备环境工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6) : 16-22. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2024.06.003

专题——特种车辆环境适应性设计和试验技术

武器装备环境试验现状和思考

胡杰, 曹鹏^*, 马营, 成玉龙, 曲禹同

作者信息 +

Current Situation and Thinking of Environmental Test of Weapons and Equipment

HU Jie, CAO Peng^*, MA Ying, CHENG Yulong, QU Yutong

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

介绍了武器装备环境试验的定义与分类,对比了自然环境试验与模拟环境试验的优点与不足,2种环境试验在一定程度上保障武器装备在贴近实战化条件下达到考核要求。基于实战化多变性、复杂性且极端天气频发,单一或双因素模拟环境已经不能满足实战化要求,分析了国内外自然环境试验场与模拟环境试验场的发展现状与试验能力。为了提高未来武器装备战场生存能力,提出了3点建议,一是应建立武器装备多参数耦合条件下的综合环境影响考核评估体系;二是亟待开展成本低廉、无破坏性的数字化环境试验技术研究;三是加快构建贴近实战需求的武器装备外场环境试验场。

Abstract

The definition and classification of environmental tests of weapons and equipment are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of natural environment tests and simulated environment tests are compared. To a certain extent, the two environmental tests ensure that the weapons and equipment meet the assessment requirements under the conditions close to actual combat. With the variability, complexity and frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the single-factor or two-factor simulation environment can no longer meet the requirements of actual combat. The development status and testing ability of natural environment test sites and simulated environment test sites at home and abroad are analyzed. In order to improve the survivability of weapons and equipment on the battlefield in the future, the author puts forward three suggestions: First, a comprehensive environmental impact assessment system should be established under the condition of multi-parameter coupling of weapons and equipment; Second, there is an urgent need to carry out research on low-cost and non-destructive digital environmental test technology; Third, the construction of weapons and equipment field environment test sites close to actual combat needs should be accelerated.

导出引用

胡杰, 曹鹏, 马营, 成玉龙, 曲禹同. 武器装备环境试验现状和思考[J]. 装备环境工程. 2024, 21(6): 16-22 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2024.06.003

HU Jie, CAO Peng, MA Ying, CHENG Yulong, QU Yutong. Current Situation and Thinking of Environmental Test of Weapons and Equipment[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2024, 21(6): 16-22 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2024.06.003

中图分类号： TJ01

参考文献

[1] 赵朋飞, 张生鹏, 翟疆, 等. 航天导弹装备自然环境试验方法探讨[J]. 装备环境工程, 2017, 14(11): 37-43.
ZHAO P F, ZHANG S P, ZHAI J, et al.Testing Methods for Space Missile Materiel in Natural-Environment[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2017, 14(11): 37-43.
[2] 许雪冬, 刘鑫. 环境试验标准化发展及现状分析[J]. 中国标准化, 2024(4): 71-75.
XU X D, LIU X.Analysis of the Development and Present Situation of Environmental Testing Standardization[J]. China Standardization, 2024(4): 71-75.
[3] 康蓉莉, 冯雪艳, 何恩山. 兵器装备环境工程发展需求[J]. 装备环境工程, 2010, 7(3): 56-58.
KANG R L, FENG X Y, HE E S.Development Requirements of Weapon Materiel Environmental Engineering[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2010, 7(3): 56-58.
[4] 郑卫东, 冯东辉. 舰船武器装备环境适应性技术[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2007, 29(1): 56-59.
ZHENG W D, FENG D H.Environmental Adaptability Technology of Ship Weapon Equipments[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2007, 29(1): 56-59.
[5] 宣卫芳, 杨晓然. 国内外军工材料环境试验现状及发展趋势[J]. 装备环境工程, 2004, 1(1): 16-22.
XUAN W F, YANG X R.The Present Situation and Developing Trend of Environmental Test of Military Materials in the World[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2004, 1(1): 16-22.
[6] 孙成, 孙灏, 陈中青, 等. 浅析军用装备自然环境试验与实验室环境试验的关系[J]. 环境技术, 2021, 39(4): 53-55.
SUN C, SUN H, CHEN Z Q, et al.Analysis on the Relationship between Natural Environmental Test of Military Equipment and Laboratory Environmental Test[J]. Environmental Technology, 2021, 39(4): 53-55.
[7] 鲁柱锋. 军用装备实验室环境试验标准应用与修正方法研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2022.
LU Z F.Research on the Application and Revision Method of Environmental Test Standard for Military Equipment Laboratory[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2022.
[8] 张云萍, 郝少悦, 张建国, 等. GJB 150A—2009《军用装备实验室环境试验方法》应用研究[J]. 中国个体防护装备, 2017(3): 28-31.
ZHANG Y P, HAO S Y, ZHANG J G, et al.Study on the Application of Laboratory Environmental Test Methods for Military Materiel-GJB 150A—2009[J]. China Personal Protective Equipment, 2017(3): 28-31.
[9] 刘小西, 胡巨刚, 蔡自刚. 地面车辆及设备环境试验方法[J]. 环境技术, 2023, 41(10): 11-16.
LIU X X, HU J G, CAI Z G.Environmental Testing Methods for Ground Vehicles and Equipment[J]. Environmental Technology, 2023, 41(10): 11-16.
[10] 陈子龙, 李朝锋. 军用装备环境试验方法的比较与实例分析[J]. 环境技术, 2012, 30(6): 10-13.
CHEN Z L, LI C F.Comparative Case Analysis of Military Equipment Environmental Testing Methods[J]. Environmental Technology, 2012, 30(6): 10-13.
[11] 王春晖, 陈文杰, 贺天远, 等. 我国装备开展实验室环境试验现状与发展建议[J]. 电子产品可靠性与环境试验, 2021, 39(S1): 122-127.
WANG C H, CHEN W J, HE T Y, et al.Present Situation and Development Suggestions of Laboratory Environmental Test for Equipment in China[J]. Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing, 2021, 39(S1): 122-127.
[12] 祝耀昌, 常文君, 傅耘. 武器装备环境适应性与环境工程[J]. 装备环境工程, 2005, 2(1): 14-19.
ZHU Y C, CHANG W J, FU Y.Environmental Suitability of Weapons and Environmental Engineering[J]. Metal Forming Technology, 2005, 2(1): 14-19.
[13] 王德言, 张建国, 钟琼华, 等. 环境试验与可靠性试验技术的发展[J]. 装备环境工程, 2005, 2(5): 10-13.
WANG D Y, ZHANG J G, ZHONG Q H, et al.Development of Environmental Test and Reliability Test Techniques[J]. Metal Forming Technology, 2005, 2(5): 10-13.
[14] 文邦伟, 李继红, 张伦武. 美军三大自然环境试验中心[J]. 装备环境工程, 2004, 1(1): 87-90.
WEN B W, LI J H, ZHANG L W.The Three Natural Environmental Test Centers of US Army[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2004, 1(1): 87-90.
[15] 张伦武, 汪学华, 肖敏. 军用环境试验的发展和趋势[J]. 环境技术, 2003, 21(4): 1-6.
ZHANG L W, WANG X H, XIAO M.The Advancement and Trend of Military Environmental Test[J]. Environmental Technology, 2003, 21(4): 1-6.
[16] 文邦伟. 日本自然环境试验概况[J]. 表面技术, 2003, 32(5): 4-7.
WEN B W.Natural Environmental Test Survey in Japan[J]. Surface Technology, 2003, 32(5): 4-7.
[17] 文邦伟. 美、日武器装备环境试验设施[J]. 装备环境工程, 2005, 2(1): 89-93.
WEN B W.The Environmental Test Facilities of Epuipment in America and Japan[J]. Metal Forming Technology, 2005, 2(1): 89-93.
[18] 白若水. 麦金利:世界气候实验室老大[J]. 大飞机, 2017(4): 81-82.
BAI R S.McKinley: The Boss of the World Climate Laboratory[J]. Jetliner, 2017(4): 81-82.
[19] Bell J D, 王艳艳, 陈亮. 麦金利气候实验室的冰冻试验(二)[J]. 装备环境工程, 2005, 2(2): 90-93.
BELL J D, WANG Y Y, CHEN L.Freezing Experiment in McKinley Climate Laboratory (Ⅱ)[J]. Metal Forming Technology, 2005, 2(2): 90-93.
[20] 肖辉. 白沙导弹靶场——美国制造[J]. 兵器知识, 2003(5): 42-43.
XIAO H.Made in USA[J]. Ordnance Knowledge, 2003(5): 42-43.
[21] 毛红梅, 周晓峰, 马云岭. 维也纳RTA气候实验室考察报告[J]. 国外铁道车辆, 2009, 46(5): 1-4.
MAO H M, ZHOU X F, MA Y L.Survey Report on the RTA Climate Laboratory in Vienna[J]. Foreign Rolling Stock, 2009, 46(5): 1-4.
[22] 秦晓洲, 常文君. 自然环境试验与武器装备发展[J]. 装备环境工程, 2005, 2(1): 7-10.
QIN X Z, CHANG W J.Natural Environment Test and Development of Weapons and Equipment[J]. Metal Forming Technology, 2005, 2(1): 7-10.
[23] 周堃, 钱翰博, 刘伟, 等. 浅谈装备环境适应性与可靠性[J]. 装备环境工程, 2014, 11(1): 72-76.
ZHOU K, QIAN H B, LIU W, et al.Discussion on Environmental Worthiness and Reliability of Materiel[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2014, 11(1): 72-76.
[24] 佚名. 漠河寒带环境试验站已正式投入试验[J]. 表面技术, 1989, 18(1): 50.
Nameless. Mohe Cold Zone Environmental Test Station Has been Put into Test[J]. Surface Technology, 1989, 18(1): 50.
[25] 佚名. 敦煌自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2009, 6(1): 98-99.
Nameless. Dunhuang Natural Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2009, 6(1): 98-99.
[26] 佚名. 拉萨自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2008, 5(5): 93-94.
Nameless. Lhasa Natural Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2008, 5(5): 93-94.
[27] 佚名. 江津自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2008, 5(3): 92-93.
Nameless. Jiangjin Natural Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2008, 5(3): 92-93.
[28] 佚名. 万宁自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2008, 5(2): 93-94.
Nameless. Wanning Natural Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2008, 5(2): 93-94.
[29] 佚名. 北京大气环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2008, 5(3): 94-95.
Nameless. Beijing Atmospheric Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2008, 5(3): 94-95.
[30] 佚名. 西双版纳自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2009, 6(2): 98-99.
Nameless. Xishuangbanna Natural Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2009, 6(2): 98-99.
[31] 佚名. 青岛自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2009, 6(1): 96-97.
Nameless. Qingdao Natural Environment Experimental Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2009, 6(1): 96-97.
[32] 佚名. 厦门自然环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2008, 5(4): 89-90.
Nameless. Xiamen Natural Environment Experimental Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2008, 5(4): 89-90.
[33] 佚名. 三亚海水环境试验站[J]. 装备环境工程, 2008, 5(5): 91-92.
Nameless. Sanya Marine Environment Test Station[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2008, 5(5): 91-92.
[34] 孙伟, 傅学庆, 孟大禹. 极地装备环境试验的思考[J]. 船舶, 2023, 34(2): 112-117.
SUN W, FU X Q, MENG D Y.Thoughts on Environmental Test of Polar Equipment[J]. Ship & Boat, 2023, 34(2): 112-117.
[35] 王晓明. 军事极端环境模拟技术与设施发展趋势及建设策略[D]. 北京: 解放军军事医学科学院, 2017.
WANG X M.Development Trend of Military Extreme Environmental Simulation Technology, Facilities and Construction Strategy[D]. Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 2017.